The Telugu calendar is linked to the movement of the Sun through the Zodiac, which determines the year and several important festivals, and the movement of the Moon around the Earth, which defines the days and the months.
Telugu Dates

The day, called the Thithi, is determined from the phase of the Moon. For example, day 1 is the first day after the new moon and is called Paadyami, day 2 is the second day after the new moon and is called Vidiya and so on.

Date Day of the month
పాడ్యమి (Paadyami) First
విదియ(Vidiya) Second
తదియ(Thadiya) Third
చవితి (Chavithi) Fourth
పంచమి (Panchami) Fifth
షష్టి (Shashti) Sixth
సప్తమి (Sapthami) Seventh
అష్టమి (Ashtami) Eighth
నవమి (Navami) Ninth
దశమి(Dasami) Tenth
ఏకాదశి (Ekaadasi) Eleventh
ద్వాదశి(Dvaadasi) Twelth
త్రయోదశి(Thrayodasi) Thirteenth
చతుర్దశి(Chathurdasi) Fourteenth
పూర్ణిమ(Poornima) Full Moon
అమావాస్య(Amaavaasya) No Moon